Home / Diseases of the cardiovascular system / Congenital heart defects and their causes

Congenital heart defects and their causes

When laying the chromosomes, perhaps structural or quantitative change. In this case, the observed anomalies in various organ systems, and cardiovascular including. Trisomy of autosomes, tend to develop defects of partitions of heart.

While mutations in single genes congenital heart disease is usually associated with other malformations of other organs. Then cardiac anomalies are part of autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant or sex-linked X chromosome syndromes.

During pregnancy (pre-term) negative factors such as ionizing radiation, viral diseases, taking some medicines, industrial hazards and harmful habits of the mother contribute to wrong tab bodies.

If the fetus in utero affects the rubella virus, the more often the child develops a triad of anomalies – deafness, glaucoma or cataracts, malformation of the heart.

Also the formation of the fetus affected by syphilis, herpes, varicella, Mycoplasma, adenovirus infection, cytomegalovirus, diabetes, serum hepatitis, toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis, listeriosis etc.

Scientists have found that fetal heart development affected by various drugs: progestogen, amphetamines, drugs lithium and anti-convulsants.

Circulatory disorders

Because of the above factors in intrauterine development the fetus may disrupt the natural formation of heart structures, causing incomplete closing between the ventricles and Atria, the pathological formation of valves, the abnormal position of the blood vessel, etc.

A serious problem in cardiology in children under one year old is the surgical treatment of congenital heart disease. If the child has no symptoms of heart failure, and cyanosis expressed moderately, the operation may be postponed to a later date. Kids should always be under the supervision of the cardiac surgeon or cardiologist.

The method of treatment depends on the severity and variety of the UPU. Abnormal walls of the heart spend their suturing or plastic, possible endovascular occlusion of the defect.

When severe hypoxemia to temporarily improve the condition of children is the first priority the imposition of intersystem anastomoses. In the end reduces the risk of complications, increases blood oxygenation. Radical surgery is performed under favourable conditions.

When aortic anomalies resection of aorta, stenosis of plastic. At the opening of the duct of the aorta is ligation.

Treatment of complex cardiac malformations, from which it is impossible to completely get rid of, is hemodynamic correction. In some cases the only possible method of treatment of CHD isa heart transplant.

Medication includes only symptomatic therapy of arrhythmias, acute left ventricular or congestive heart failure, Odysee-cinotecnica attacks, myocardial ischemia.

In addition to treatment, the child needs special attention parents: nutrition, prevention of viral diseases, etc.

The prognosis of early diagnosis and treatment is relatively favourable. In case of impossibility of surgery - adverse.

To disability is possible after radical surgery during the rehabilitation period and when symptoms of SN II B stage, and more.

Prevention

Prevention of CHD involves careful planning of pregnancy, prenatal diagnosis, elimination of exposure to adverse factors.

Women with abnormalities of the heart require careful attention during pregnancy on the part of doctors and additional consultations and surveys.