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Leukemoid reaction of the blood
Lakavitsa the reaction is a temporary change in the leucocyte count of the blood associated with any irritant. The number of leukocytes up to 50 thousand per 1 mm3 (normal not more than 7-8 thousand). In the analysis of peripheral blood immature forms appear.
The types of reactions are determined by the predominant proliferation of cells of the leukocyte series. In the course of differential diagnostics is necessary to always compare them with leukemia. Their clinical picture of this pathology has not. It is totally determined by the underlying disease.
The severity of the response depends on the immune status of the human body. Study species the composition of the blood has allowed to identify specific types, associate them with the most typical reasons.
That can cause abnormal leukocyte response?
Etiological factors causing leukemoid reaction, can be the impact of different origin. These include diseases, trauma, solar radiation, high radiation, poisoning. The most proven are:
- the effect of increased background ionizing radiation;
- injuries to the skull;
- prolonged suppurative processes;
- moved shock;
- childhood infections (scarlet fever, diphtheria, chicken pox, measles, whooping cough);
- tuberculosis of lungs and other organs;
- erysipelas;
- septic condition;
- dysentery;
- severe pneumonia (lobar pneumonia);
- Hodgkin's disease;
- degeneration of liver tissue;
- carbon monoxide poisoning;
- metastasis of cancer.
Essential drugs ' effects. Discovered leukemoid reaction:
- corticosteroids,
- sulfonamides,
- Bigumal (antimalarial drug).
Most often associated with overdose or increased individual sensitivity. The leucocytosis rises to 20 thousand in mm3, the formula shifted to promyelocytes and myelocytes, anaemia is not present. The reaction disappears in 2-3 weeks.
To detect in blood tests?
From laboratory studies of blood depends on diagnosis of the type of reaction.
Myeloid type leukemoid reaction is very similar to the picture of chronic myeloid leukemia. The differences shown in the table.
| Signs | Myeloblastic leukemia | Lakavitsa picture |
| WBC | increased number of basophils | among the cells dominated by segmented and band neutrophils, basophils normal |
| toxic granularity of neutrophils | less pronounced | more pronounced |
| the presence of Ph'chromosomes in leukocytes | there | no |
| research of puncture of tissue of spleen and lymph nodes | myeloid metaplasia | myeloid metaplasia is missing |
| the dynamics of the treatment of the disease | it requires long-term specific treatment to achieve remission | the disappearance of the reaction |
It is believed that a variety of leukemoid reactions caused by individual characteristics of the organism of each person.
There are forms:
- mimicking acute leukemia with changes in bone marrow hematopoiesis;
- subleukemic types with the dramatic shift formula to the left to promyelocytes and myelocytes;
- erythroblast such as g-CSF species.
Features of eosinophilic type
Eosinophilic leukemoid reaction in recent years began to record more often. Usually, blood tests do not find pronounced deviations. The exception to this is the identified form of contagious fever with enlargement of lymph nodes and spleen. In these cases, the leucocytosis reaches 60 thousand per mm3, and the percentage of eosinophils increased to 90. The disease outcome is favorable.
A special form of collagen Busse is accompanied by infiltration of all organs and tissue eosinophils with damage to the heart, spleen and liver, and pulmonary infiltrates. Often it is taken for eosinophilic myeloid leukemia. Is severe, the prognosis is poor.
Tropical eosinophilia is found in countries with tropical climate. Not associated with helminthic infestation may be a response to the treatment.